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79
"* * * later that account transformed into Unification Church International legal
entity. That account became a UCI account. But prior to establishment of UCI, it
was held in our leader's name in Chase Manhattan." (569)
This ambiguity over actual ownership of assets was characteristic of Moon
Organization financial affairs and further indicated to the subcommittee the
interchangeability of the various components of the organization. Despite Pak's
assertion that the accounts in Chase Manhattan were "church" accounts all
along, bank records simply listed the accounts in Moon's name as an individual,
with no indication that they were church accounts. Moreover, there are no
references in the loan papers to indicate that the collateral was being put up by
the UC rather than by Moon as an individual. The UC, as a corporate entity,
maintained separate accounts.
Other assets of the Moon Organization were also treated interchangeably as
belonging to Moon or to a corporation subject to his control. For example, in
March 1975, Daikon Ohnuki, Han Sang Kil, and Melvin C. Orchard, all presenting
themselves as assistants to Moon, met with an officer of Chase Manhattan in
New York. According to the officer, "[t]he object of their visit was to initiate
discussions with the bank on the possibilities of our participation with Moon in
investment projects in the U.S." (570) The bank officer was told that:
"Reverend Moon has very large holdings in both Korea and Japan in
industrial, manufacturing, mining and other business enterprises and is
considering making similar investments in the United States. They spoke of a
figure of $20 million in liquid funds being available, but were not too clear on
whether this was represented by Won and/or Yen nonconvertible deposits."
571
Chase Manhattan did not enter into any business ventures with the Moon
Organization; lack of details on Moon's financial holdings was a factor in this
decision.
In practice it seemed to make little difference whether the assets of
businesses, money on deposit at Chase Manhattan, UCI's accounts, and other
holdings were "Moon's" or "church related." Within the Moon Organization,
control was in the hands of Moon and his top lieutenants, regardless of legal
niceties, and the funds moved freely as required from one or another component.
Diplomat National Bank
The subcommittee's interest in the Diplomat National Bank resulted from an
allegation that persons associated with Sun Myung Moon and Tongsun Park tried
to gain control of the bank. The allegation was based on information that the
church and employees of Tongsun Park constituted a controlling interest in the
bank of approximately 64 percent. The subcommittee also sought to determine
whether the ROK Government was involved; whether there was collaboration
between the Moon Organization and Tong-
377
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